Learn how to become a nurse—from choosing your degree path (CNA, LPN, RN, BSN, or MSN) to meeting licensing and clinical requirements. This guide outlines the key steps, education options, and timelines to start a successful nursing career.
Disclaimer: This article is for informational purposes only and aims to clarify common questions about becoming a nurse. Always verify current requirements with official sources, such as your state board of nursing or nursing school admissions offices. For more details, review our Terms of Use.
Nursing is a rewarding career that combines science, compassion, and problem-solving. As the healthcare system expands, the need for well-trained nurses continues to rise, with numerous job paths and specialties to explore.
The profession offers flexibility, job security, and a range of settings—from hospitals to telehealth. You can begin with an associate degree or pursue advanced roles like Nurse Practitioner (NP) or Nurse Informaticist with a master’s or doctorate.
Step-by-Step: How to Become a Nurse
The path to becoming a nurse can vary depending on your chosen license level, but most journeys follow these steps:
- Complete a Nursing Program (ADN, BSN, or entry-level MSN)
- Pass the NCLEX Licensing Exam (NCLEX-RN or NCLEX-PN)
- Apply for State Licensure
- Begin Working as a Licensed Nurse
- Consider Advancing Education or Earning Certifications
Each of these steps is affected by your state, background, and career goals.
Nursing Pathways: RN, LPN, or APRN?
There are several types of nurses, and the path you take depends on the role you want:
- LPN (Licensed Practical Nurse): 12–18 months of training, limited scope, ideal entry point.
- RN (Registered Nurse): Requires an ADN (2 years) or BSN (4 years), broader responsibilities.
- APRN (Advanced Practice Registered Nurse): Requires MSN or DNP, includes Nurse Practitioners, Nurse Anesthetists, and more.
Education Requirements
Your first major decision is choosing between an Associate Degree in Nursing (ADN) or a Bachelor of Science in Nursing (BSN):
- ADN: Shorter, cheaper, typically offered at community colleges. Takes ~2 years.
- BSN: Preferred by employers; opens leadership or specialized clinical roles. Takes ~4 years.
Accelerated BSN programs are available for students who already hold a non-nursing degree.
NCLEX: The National Licensing Exam
After graduation, you must pass the NCLEX—either for practical nurses (PN) or registered nurses (RN). The exam tests clinical judgment, critical thinking, and patient care competencies.
The Next Generation NCLEX was introduced in 2023, with a greater focus on case-based learning and scenario judgment.
Licensing and Background Checks
Each U.S. state has a Board of Nursing that issues licenses. You’ll need to submit transcripts, exam scores, fingerprint background checks, and sometimes proof of supervised clinical hours.
Licensure by endorsement is also available if you move to a new state.
Where Can Nurses Work?
Nurses are needed across many settings:
- Hospitals and emergency rooms
- Clinics and private practices
- Schools and universities
- Home health and hospice
- Telehealth and informatics
You may work 8, 10, or 12-hour shifts depending on the setting.
Career Growth and Specializations
Once licensed, you can pursue specializations such as:
- Pediatrics
- ICU/ER
- Geriatrics
- Nursing Informatics
- Psychiatric Nursing
Advanced certifications or graduate school may be required for some specialties.
How long does it take to become a registered nurse (RN)?
It usually takes 2–4 years depending on whether you pursue an ADN or BSN.
What degree do I need to be a nurse?
To be an RN, you need at least an ADN. BSN is increasingly preferred by employers.
Can I become a nurse online?
You can complete nursing theory online, but clinical hours must be done in person at approved facilities.
Do I need to pass a test to become a nurse?
Yes. All aspiring nurses must pass the NCLEX exam to earn their license.
What’s the difference between LPN and RN?
LPNs have a shorter training time and a more limited scope of practice. RNs have more responsibility and higher salaries.
What are the highest-paying nursing specialties?
CRNAs, Nurse Practitioners, and Nurse Informaticists are among the top earners in nursing.
FAQ: How to Become a Nurse
Summary / Conclusion
Becoming a nurse is a structured but flexible process. Start by selecting a degree level, complete an accredited program, pass the NCLEX, and apply for licensure. With demand rising across the country, nursing offers a future-proof, meaningful, and adaptable career for those who are prepared to commit to its educational and ethical standards.